Winnie madikizela mandela published biography

A convicted kidnapper, she served as a Member of Parliament from to[ 3 ] and from until her death, [ 4 ] and was a deputy minister of arts and culture from to Madikizela-Mandela was known to her supporters as the "Mother of the Nation".

Born to a Xhosa royal family in Bizanaand a qualified social worker, she married anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela in Johannesburg in ; they remained married for 38 years and had two children together.

Winnie madikizela mandela published biography

Inafter Mandela was imprisoned following the Rivonia Trialshe became his public face during the 27 years he spent in jail. During that period, she rose to prominence within the domestic anti-apartheid movement. Madikizela-Mandela was detained by apartheid state security services on various occasions, tortured[ 7 ] subjected to banning ordersand banished to a rural town, and she spent several months in solitary confinement.

In the mids, Madikizela-Mandela exerted a "reign of terror", and was "at the centre of an orgy of violence" [ 9 ] [ 10 ] in Sowetowhich led to condemnation by the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 9 ] and a rebuke by the ANC in exile.